Mass defect, packing fraction and binding energy: It was assumed that mass of the nucleus is equal to the mass of its constituents (i.e protons and neutrons). But experimentally it was found that the actual mass of the nucleus is less than the theoretical mass. Thus, the difference between the theoretical mass and experimental mass is called mass defect i.e ∆m={[Zmₚ + (A-Z)mₙ] - M} Where mₚ= mass of proton mₙ= mass of neutron M= actual mass of nucleus Z= atomic number A= mass number The ratio of mass defect and mass number (A) is called packing fraction (f) f = ∆m/A Thus packing fraction is the mass defect available per nucleon. The packing fraction explains the stability of the nucleus. The packing fraction may be positive, negative or zero. The positive value of packing fract...
Blackbody radiation,Plank's radiation law, photoelectric effect,Compton effect,pair production,De broglie's matter wave,The concept of wave packets and group velocities, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, application of uncertainty principle,Schrodinger wave equation, linearity and superposition, expectation values, operators,particle in box,finite potential well, potential barrier, tunnel effect, space quantization,jj coupling,ls coupling,Zeeman effect,nuclear physics and many more
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